HOW DOES A DREDGER WORK? WHAT ARE THE HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS USED IN A DREDGER?
OW DOES A DREDGER WORK? WHAT ARE THE HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS USED IN A DREDGER?
A dredger is basically a large centrifugal slurry pump with a
coral & soft clay cutter below the end of the suction pipe.
Rotary cutter cuts corals & soft clay materials which are then sucked
together with the sand, silt & water by the pump. The pump has rubber
lined impeller & casing to reduce erosion of the metal parts as sand &
slurry are quite abrasive. The dredged material is discharged through a
long pipe to the selected effluent disposal area. The pump is directly driven by an internal combustion engine through a reduction gear. The cutter is driven by a rotary hydraulic motor. The cutter shaft together with the suction pipe are mounted on a ladder structure which is pivoted on a trunion at the upper end. The suction end of the ladder can be lowered to the river or sea bed to be dredged by means of wire rope hoist operated by hydraulic winches. The hydraulic pump for the hydraaulic motors & winches is driven by an auxillary engine.Two long pointed columns called spuds are installed at the rear end of the dredge buoyancy structure near the corners. These spuds can either be raised or lowered to the river or sea bed. One spud is lowered while the other is raised when the dredger is operated. Because of the action of the cutter, the whole dredge would pivot on the lowered spud which in effect swings the cutter sidewise & moves the raised spud to a position further back than the engaged spud. When the maximum desired swing of the cutter is attained the free spud is engaged & the other one is withdrawn so that when the cutter is operated in the reverse rotation, the whole dredger would slowly swing to the other side as materials are being extracted from the river or sea bed. This manipulation of the spuds & the action of the cutter enables the dredger to sweep a wider area & at the same time provides the longitudinal movement of the dredger. The spuds are raised or lowered by means of wire rope hoists with hydraulic winches.
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